Barkly Labs / Standards

PAW-HC 0.1People Are Worth Designing For.

Human-Centered AI Engineering Standard. An open engineering specification for designing AI systems around human capability, autonomy, accessibility, safety, privacy, transparency, and meaningful participation.

PUBLIC DRAFT
VERSION 0.1
SEPTEMBER 2026
OPEN COMMUNITY SPECIFICATION

Document Status

PAW-HC 0.1 is an experimental public draft intended for review, implementation, criticism, and revision. It is not issued by ISO, IEC, NIST, W3C, or another standards body.

PAW-HC conformance claims MUST be supported by documented evidence. Following PAW-HC does not imply ISO, IEC, NIST, W3C, regulatory, or third-party certification.
01
Foundation

Scope and Objectives

PAW-HC applies to AI systems, AI-enabled applications, agents, assistants, models, interfaces, and services where people meaningfully interact with or are affected by the system.

PAW-HC-001Human-centered objective

The system owner MUSTdefine the human goals the system is intended to support and the people who may be affected by it.

PAW-HC-002Lifecycle coverage

Human-centered requirementsMUST be considered during design, development, testing, deployment, monitoring, and retirement.

PAW-HC-003Evidence

Claims about human-centered performanceMUST be supported by documented evidence, testing, or traceable design rationale.

PAW-HC-004Known limitations

Material limitations, unresolved risks, and populations for which the system has not been adequately evaluated MUSTbe documented.

02
Foundation

Principles

Human capabilityAI should increase people's ability to understand, create, decide, communicate, and act.
Human autonomyUsers should retain meaningful control over consequential actions.
AccessibilityDisability and access needs are engineering requirements, not optional polish.
SafetySystems should fail predictably and avoid creating unnecessary harm.
TransparencyUsers and affected stakeholders should be able to understand relevant system behavior and limitations.
PrivacyData collection and retention should be limited to legitimate purposes.
Non-manipulationSystems should not optimize for coercion, dependency, or compulsive engagement.
ParticipationPeople affected by the system should have mechanisms to influence its design and correction.
OpennessWhere practical and safe, implementation, evaluation, interfaces, and governance should be inspectable and reusable.
Evidence over brandingA claim of human-centeredness requires evidence.
03
Vocabulary

Definitions

Affected person
A person whose interests, rights, opportunities, access, safety, or wellbeing may be influenced by the system.
Human-centered AI
AI designed and evaluated around human goals, capabilities, limitations, autonomy, accessibility, and context.
Consequential action
An action that can materially affect legal status, finances, employment, housing, healthcare, education, safety, or another significant interest.
Meaningful control
The practical ability to understand, review, interrupt, reject, or correct a system action when appropriate.
Cognitive load
The mental effort required to understand, operate, monitor, or recover from the system.
Open development
Development practices that provide public visibility or reproducibility appropriate to safety, privacy, and legal constraints.
Conformance evidence
Artifacts demonstrating that a requirement has been implemented and evaluated.
Human outcome
A measurable change in human capability, task success, autonomy, accessibility, safety, burden, or another relevant human-centered objective.
04
Context

System and Stakeholder Context

PAW-HC-010System description

The project MUSTdocument its intended purpose, users, affected populations, operating environment, major dependencies, and known boundaries.

PAW-HC-011Stakeholder map

The project SHOULDmaintain a stakeholder map identifying direct users, affected non-users, operators, developers, maintainers, accessibility stakeholders, and relevant public-interest groups.

PAW-HC-012Context of use

Evaluation MUSTaccount for realistic environments rather than only ideal laboratory conditions.

05
Participation

Human Needs and Participation

PAW-HC-020Needs discovery

Human needs MUST be identified before finalizing major product requirements.

PAW-HC-021Participatory input

Projects SHOULD involve representative users and affected communities during requirements, prototype evaluation, and revision.

PAW-HC-022Feedback pathway

Users MUST have a documented mechanism to report usability, accessibility, safety, and harmful-behavior concerns.

PAW-HC-023Feedback traceability

Material feedback SHOULDbe traceable to a disposition: addressed, deferred with rationale, rejected with rationale, or under investigation.

06
Inclusion

Accessibility and Disability Inclusion

PAW-HC treats accessibility as a system property. For web interfaces, projects should use WCAG 2.2 as a baseline reference where applicable.

PAW-HC-030Accessibility baseline

Applicable interfaces MUSTdefine an accessibility target and the technologies and assistive technologies included in evaluation.

PAW-HC-031Human accessibility testing

Automated accessibility checks MUST NOTbe the sole basis for accessibility claims.

PAW-HC-032Assistive technology

Where relevant, evaluation SHOULDinclude actual assistive technology and users with relevant access needs.

PAW-HC-033Cognitive accessibility

Projects MUST consider cognitive, language, attention, memory, and executive-function barriers where relevant.

PAW-HC-034Accessible failure states

Errors, refusals, authentication failures, and recovery flows MUSTbe evaluated for accessibility.

PAW-HC-035Alternative interaction

Material functionality SHOULDremain available through more than one interaction modality where practical.

07
Usability

Cognitive Load and Usability

PAW-HC-040Task definition

Key user tasks MUST be explicitly identified.

PAW-HC-041Burden measurement

For key tasks, projects SHOULDmeasure completion time, errors, abandonment, recovery effort, and subjective burden.

PAW-HC-042Progressive complexity

Interfaces SHOULD expose complexity progressively rather than requiring users to understand the entire system before completing ordinary tasks.

PAW-HC-043Recovery

Users SHOULD be able to recover from common errors without restarting the entire task.

08
Agency

Human Autonomy and Control

PAW-HC-050Human authority

The system MUST clearly identify actions it can take on a user's behalf.

PAW-HC-051Consequential confirmation

Consequential actions MUSTrequire an appropriate level of human authorization unless a documented exception applies.

PAW-HC-052Interruptibility

Users SHOULD be able to interrupt or stop ongoing autonomous actions where technically feasible.

PAW-HC-053Reversibility

Material actions SHOULDbe reversible where feasible.

PAW-HC-054No hidden delegation

The system MUST NOTconceal that an action was performed by AI when that fact is material to the user's decision.

09
Protection

Safety and Risk

PAW-HC-060Risk assessment

A documented risk assessment MUSTexist before production deployment.

PAW-HC-061Failure modes

Material foreseeable failure modesMUST be identified and tested.

PAW-HC-062Safe failure

When the system cannot reliably complete a task, it SHOULD fail in a way that minimizes downstream harm rather than fabricating success.

PAW-HC-063High-impact domains

Systems operating in high-impact contextsMUST apply heightened review, documentation, and human oversight.

PAW-HC-064Uncertainty

Material uncertainty SHOULDbe communicated in a manner appropriate to the user's context.

10
Visibility

Transparency and Explainability

PAW-HC-070System identity

Users MUST be informed when interacting with an AI system when that distinction could reasonably affect their decisions.

PAW-HC-071Capability boundaries

Material limitations MUSTbe documented in user-accessible language.

PAW-HC-072Action records

For agentic systems, the systemSHOULD provide an understandable record of significant actions taken.

PAW-HC-073Explanation quality

Explanations SHOULDcommunicate relevant reasons, evidence, uncertainty, and limitations without implying certainty the system does not possess.

28
Conformance

Conformance Levels

Conformance is not a quality ranking. A system may meet one level while having strengths or weaknesses outside the level's scope.

LevelMinimum conceptTypical evidence
CoreBaseline human-centered engineeringRequirements, risk assessment, key-task testing, accessibility plan, documentation
OpenCore + meaningful openness/interoperabilityPublic code or justified exceptions, APIs, issue tracker, reproducible evaluation
AdvancedCore + deeper human testing and governanceRepresentative testing, independent review, impact evaluation, incident process
Public InterestAdvanced + affected-community influence and strong transparencyCommunity governance, public evidence, independent review, open implementation where safe
29
Evidence

Audit and Evidence

PAW-HC-250Evidence register

Projects claiming conformanceMUST maintain an evidence register mapping requirements to artifacts.

PAW-HC-251Traceability

Each normative requirement MUSTbe marked implemented, not applicable with rationale, partially implemented, or not implemented.

PAW-HC-252Independent audit

Public Interest conformanceSHOULD be reviewed by an independent evaluator.

PAW-HC-253No self-certification implication

A self-declaration MUSTbe clearly labeled as self-declared andMUST NOT imply third-party certification.

30
Open Standard

Community Governance

PAW-HC-260Public issue process

Draft requirements SHOULDbe maintained in a public issue or discussion process.

PAW-HC-261Change proposals

Changes to normative requirementsSHOULD include rationale and impact analysis.

PAW-HC-262Versioning

Major changes MUSTincrement the major or minor version according to documented versioning rules.

PAW-HC-263Conflict of interest

Standard maintainers SHOULDdisclose material conflicts of interest.

PAW-HC-264Affected voices

Governance SHOULD include participation from accessibility, HCI, security, privacy, AI engineering, and affected-user communities.

31
Reference

Reference Implementation — CYN-X

CYN-X may serve as a reference implementation for PAW-HC. A reference implementation demonstrates how the standard can be implemented; it is not automatically proof that the implementation conforms.

PAW-HC-270Dogfooding

If CYN-X claims PAW-HC conformance, CYN-XMUST evaluate itself against the same requirements it publishes.

PAW-HC-271Public evidence

CYN-X SHOULD publish its conformance evidence, failed tests, known limitations, and remediation plans.

PAW-HC-272Benchmark openness

CYN-X SHOULD publish the methodology for human-centered benchmarks used to support PAW-HC claims.

PAW-HC-273Community challenge

CYN-X SHOULD invite independent developers and affected users to challenge its conformance claims.

32
Declaration

Conformance Declaration

PAW-HC Conformance Declaration
Project________________________________
Version________________________________
PAW-HC level claimed________________________________
Date________________________________
Responsible maintainer________________________________
Scope of claim________________________________
Excluded components________________________________
Known limitations________________________________
Evidence repository________________________________
Independent reviewYes / No

We declare that the above claim is supported by the evidence identified and that this declaration does not represent ISO, IEC, NIST, W3C, or third-party certification.

A
Appendix

Human-Centered Test Suite

Test IDTestMeasurePass condition
HCT-01Key-task completionCompletion rate, errors, timeDefined target achieved or limitation documented
HCT-02RecoveryRecovery time and abandonmentUser can recover from common failures
HCT-03AccessibilityAssistive technology + human testingNo critical blocker for tested scope
HCT-04AutonomyUnauthorized-action simulationNo consequential action without required authorization
HCT-05TransparencyUser understanding testUsers can identify material limits/actions
HCT-06UncertaintyCalibration/communication reviewMaterial uncertainty is not presented as certainty
HCT-07PrivacyData inventory reviewUnnecessary collection/retention eliminated or justified
HCT-08ManipulationInteraction reviewNo prohibited coercive engagement mechanism
HCT-09Incident recoveryFault injectionSystem enters documented safe state
HCT-10Human outcomeOutcome measurementEvidence supports the defined human goal
C
Appendix

Accessibility Checklist

Keyboard operation evaluated where applicable.
Screen-reader or equivalent assistive technology evaluated where applicable.
Focus order and focus visibility evaluated.
Text alternatives and meaningful labels evaluated.
Color is not the sole carrier of critical information.
Text scaling and reflow evaluated.
Motion, animation, and seizure-related risks considered.
Captions and transcripts provided where relevant.
Error messages are understandable and actionable.
Timeouts and session recovery are accessible.
Cognitive load and memory demands assessed.
Users with relevant disabilities participated where feasible.
Known barriers and remediation status published.
D
Appendix

Release Checklist

Human goals documented.
Stakeholders identified.
Risk assessment completed.
Accessibility evaluation completed.
Key tasks evaluated.
Autonomy and agent-action controls tested.
Privacy review completed.
Security review completed.
Known limitations documented.
Incident process ready.
Rollback/containment plan ready where appropriate.
Documentation published.
Change log published.
Conformance evidence mapped to requirements.
Community feedback mechanism available.